Nowadays, people are very dependent on their vehicles. Whether it’s for going on vacation, to work, or to school, vehicles make our lives easier and more comfortable. It often happens that car engines do not start. When a car engine cranks but does not start, it is very likely that there is no spark from the distributor. When troubleshooting the problem, it is essential to know the exact reason.

No Spark from the Distributor: Why Does This Happen?

Many car owners struggle to start their vehicle’s engine. First, it is imperative to confirm that the car’s engine has no spark. Initially, ensure you have a fully charged battery before proceeding with tests.

You will need to disable the fuel system and use a spark plug tester. Finally, ask someone to help you crank the engine and look for a spark. You can stay informed about your car’s maintenance tips to improve the operation of your car’s engine.

Once it is clear that the engine has no spark, the second step is to find the reason. Here are some important reasons to help you identify the problems.

Crankshaft Position

First, check if there is a broken or loose wire connecting the sensors to the power control module. The crankshaft position sensor can help you find the crankshaft problem. This sensor tracks the rotational speed of the crankshaft. If the sensor stops working, it fails to send a signal to the ECU.

A Problem with the Ignition Module

When you fail to start a car, you should check the ignition modules. The transistor helps these semiconductor switching devices control the current flow and turn the primary winding of an ignition coil on and off. So, it would not be wrong to say that they act like mechanical points.

An external input is needed to help the ignition modules accomplish the task. Loose, broken, or corroded wires in the ignition module can be the reason for no spark from the distributor. Cleaning oxidized terminals and replacing broken wires is a good decision.

A Problem with the Ignition Coil

The ignition coil transforms the battery’s low power into a powerful spark. Sometimes, a car runs for a while, and then the engine stops working. A faulty ignition coil could be the sign of such a problem in the vehicle. Due to the increase in temperature of the coil or ignition module, this issue arises. The good news is that it starts working again once cooled. A problem with the ignition coil prevents the vehicle from starting.

Cracked Distributor Cap

Checking the distributor cap is crucial when a vehicle stalls suddenly and fails to restart. Check if the inside or outside is dirty. It must be free of rust or corrosion. Also, consider checking the rotor’s operation and any cracks on the distributor cap.

Faulty Ignition Switch

Mounted in the engine’s combustion chamber, the ignition switch is the weakest part of a vehicle’s ignition system. There are three positions in the ignition switch, which you will notice after inserting the key. When moving to the “ON” position, the dashboard lights should illuminate. If they do not light up, it could be a sign of a bad ignition switch.

Final Note

Many people face the problem of their car’s engine not starting. No spark from the distributor can be due to the reasons mentioned above. It is highly recommended to entrust your car to experts as they can diagnose the problem and resolve it as quickly as possible.

It is possible to install a manual transmission in an electric car. We have already seen an electric Ferrari get a makeover with an old-school manual transmission. But is it possible to convert a manual transmission to automatic?

It is possible to make any mechanical modification to almost any car provided enough money, time, and expertise have been invested. What you need to have on hand is a donor car that has all the parts identical to your car except for the automatic transmission (in case it is computerized like OBD or OBDII systems). It doesn’t have to be an exact match if it’s not computerized.

Is it possible to convert a manual transmission to automatic?

Well, you already have the answer. But how to do it? If it’s a modern car, dated from the mid-1990s or later, the process will require something more than just swapping transmissions to be complete. It will need a new ECU/computer in addition to a new wiring harness, transmission mount, engine mount, and firewall renovation.

To simplify things, what you will need to convert the transmission from manual to automatic are:

Transmission Reconfiguration

It is necessary to reconfigure the entire transmission because the functions of an automatic transmission are completely different from those of a manual transmission.

Gearbox Replacement

This is entirely logical because you are changing the type of transmission. It is not easy because you need to perform a series of modifications and repairs to place the new gearbox in your car. The newly added gearbox must be compatible with your car’s engine configuration.

Other Changes

You need to replace and modify a few other parts to install the new gearbox in the car. The body and engine wiring harness must be replaced if it is not compatible and cannot transmit signals and electrical power to the new transmission.

If the gear shift mechanism is floor-mounted, you must either remove the floor panel or drill a hole in the carpet. You need to do similar things for the column for a column-mounted mechanism.

You may also need to replace components like a pump, torque converter, and a few others for the housing and proper functioning of the new gearbox.

Converting Manual Transmission to Automatic – The Problems

The conversion is not a question of possibility but of feasibility. You should only undertake it if you have enough money and enthusiasm for such experiments. Otherwise, you will find a very large hole in your pocket after the project is finished.

Here are some other problems you will face:

Finding the Right Repair Shop

You won’t find many garages in the country with skilled mechanics to perform such a complex procedure. The possibility of finding an authorized service center for this job is almost out of the question. Even if you find one, the exorbitant expenses will make selling the car and buying an automatic a cheaper option. If you choose to do it in an unauthorized workshop, the vehicle’s warranty will be voided.

Some Components are Irreplaceable

Some parts cannot be replaced later because they come only from the manufacturers. For example, there is no way to replace the ABS or anti-lock braking system with an aftermarket product.

Modern Cars Don’t Have Enough Space

Nowadays, most vehicles are smaller than their older counterparts. They have the transmission and engine components installed in a small space. So, even a minor change could be impossible due to the space issue.

What Should You Remember When Converting a Manual Transmission to Automatic?

When switching from a manual transmission to an automatic transmission, many “new drivers” often make fundamental mistakes by operating the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal… which leads to a risk of insecurity and easily damages car parts.

Below are some notes to help drivers switching from a manual transmission to an automatic transmission to be safer and avoid accidents.

Use Both Feet to Control the Vehicle

For vehicles with automatic transmission, there will be no clutch pedal, only the accelerator and brake pedals. Therefore, when driving the car, the driver will only need their right foot to operate between the brake and the accelerator. The left leg will be completely free.

However, in reality, many people are so used to driving and using manual transmission cars that it is difficult to ignore the habit of using the left foot. Therefore, even if you are driving an automatic car, you still use your left foot to press the brake and your right foot to press the accelerator.

According to experts, when using both feet to drive an automatic car, in many unexpected cases, it is possible to mistakenly use the accelerator and brake pedals, causing sudden acceleration and loss of control…

Confusing the Accelerator Pedal with the Brake Pedal

There have been many cases where accidents occurred because drivers mistakenly pressed the accelerator and brake pedals. After all, they were not used to driving automatic transmission vehicles.

Therefore, experts advise that when driving an automatic transmission vehicle, if it is not necessary to press the pedal, the driver should apply light pressure to the brake pedal. This way, if an unexpected situation arises, the driver will not be surprised and mistakenly press the accelerator.

Shifting from D to N

According to the habit of manual transmission drivers, they often shift all gears to N when stopping at a red light or parking on a slope… However, this is something to give up when using an automatic transmission if you don’t want to reduce the lifespan of your transmission.

Car owners may encounter the issue of “brake caliper piston not compressing” in their vehicles. They might notice that their vehicle pulls more to one side during braking or that the brakes do not fully release after letting go of the pedal.

Such situations must be addressed immediately so they do not affect your vehicle’s safety. To help you resolve the caliper piston issue, here are some potential causes and reasons listed below.

How does a caliper piston work?

Caliper pistons operate through hydraulic pressure, forcing the brake pads to press against the rotor, thereby slowing or stopping the vehicle’s movement.

The caliper, an enclosing housing, accommodates the piston (or pistons) as well as other brake components.

When the brakes are engaged, hydraulic fluid from the master cylinder propels into the caliper, pushing the piston(s) outward.

Consequently, the brake pads exert pressure against the rotor, generating friction and facilitating the reduction or cessation of the vehicle’s speed.

When the brakes are released, the hydraulic fluid pressure decreases, prompting the piston(s) to retract, allowing the pads to disengage from the rotor. This cyclic process repeats with each braking action.

Causes of “The caliper piston does not compress”

There are many potential reasons responsible for the caliper piston not compressing issue. Before taking your vehicle to an auto repair shop, let’s explore some possible causes of these problems.

1. Worn caliper bolts

Caliper bolts consist of slides that require lubrication. The protective rubber boots on them help retain lubrication.

But sometimes, these boots are torn off by rushed mechanics when installing new brake pads. As a result, the caliper piston fails to compress.

Sticky pistons

During braking, the brake piston seal deforms slightly. When car drivers release the brakes, they unroll and help compress the pistons for drag-free operation.

If the piston does not slide properly on the seals, it prevents the piston from compressing permanently.

Vehicle inactivity

One of the main causes of the caliper piston not compressing is inactivity. If you do not use your vehicle for months, the piston may rust.

Consequently, the corrosion that accumulates on the caliper prevents it from compressing fully, thereby hindering the proper functioning of your vehicle.

Solving the caliper piston compression problem

It is necessary to carefully diagnose and resolve these issues immediately, as they could endanger your vehicle. One of the main ways to fully compress your caliper piston is to take care of the brakes.

If you top up the brake fluid and replace the brake pads as needed, you may not encounter any issues with the caliper piston.

For a stuck caliper piston, there is a special tool that allows applying force and compressing the pad. You can use a simple C-clamp to solve this problem.

To learn how to use a C-clamp to repair such a problem, you can read some car maintenance tips on the web. Additionally, you must also properly clean the piston and apply a light layer of grease to compress the caliper well.

FAQ on the caliper piston not compressing

1. How can contaminated brake fluid affect caliper piston compression?

Contaminated brake fluid, often due to moisture or debris, can lead to caliper piston corrosion and restricted movement, resulting in poor compression.

2. How does air in the brake lines contribute to this problem?

Air in the brake lines can make the brake pedal feel spongy and hinder the proper compression of the caliper piston, thereby reducing braking efficiency.

3. What role does a corroded caliper play in this problem?

Corrosion on caliper components, such as the slide pins or caliper housing, can obstruct piston movement and prevent it from compressing smoothly.

4. How does a faulty master cylinder affect caliper piston compression?

A faulty master cylinder may not distribute hydraulic pressure correctly, leading to insufficient force for caliper piston compression.

5. What can cause a caliper piston to seize?

Lack of maintenance, exposure to moisture, or debris intrusion can cause the caliper piston to seize, preventing adequate compression.

6. What are potential solutions for a non-compressing caliper piston?

Solutions include bleeding the brake system to remove air, flushing and replacing contaminated brake fluid, cleaning and lubricating caliper components, and inspecting for corrosion. In severe cases, caliper replacement or rebuilding may be necessary.

Watch this video by ScrewsNutsAndBolts to learn a simple way to compress a brake caliper piston without needing special tools!

https://youtube.com/watch?v=E6iso9mVi8g%3Ffeature%3Doembed

7. Can I repair a non-compressing caliper piston myself?

Some basic maintenance tasks, like bleeding brakes or cleaning caliper components, can be performed by DIYers. However, for complex issues, it is recommended to seek professional help.

8. Is it safe to drive with a non-compressing caliper piston?

It is dangerous to drive with compromised braking performance. A caliper piston that does not compress can lead to reduced braking efficiency, uneven wear, and potential safety risks. Address the issue promptly.

9. How can I prevent caliper piston compression problems?

Regular maintenance of the brake system, including checking fluids, inspecting pads and rotor, and keeping components clean and lubricated, can help prevent caliper piston compression issues.

10. Should I replace the caliper if the piston does not compress?

Depending on the severity of the issue and the condition of the caliper, replacement may be necessary. Consult a professional mechanic to determine the best course of action.

Conclusion

So, you may now know the possible causes and ways to resolve the caliper piston not compressing issue. In case you think the problem is quite difficult to handle, remember to ask for help from an automotive professional.

These certified mechanics will provide the best solution to the problem of your caliper piston compression.

Your car stalls after a loud noise and won’t start. Annoying, right? This can happen even when the battery is new and the tank is full. The signs point to an engine seizure problem, which can be scary because the repair could be extremely costly. What should you do to avoid such expenses, besides regularly changing the engine oil and maintaining the car regularly? You need to pay attention to the symptoms of a seized engine.

What does a seized engine look like?

There are specific symptoms of engine seizure, which give indications of the disaster you are about to face. However, there is also a distinctive seized engine noise that foreshadows an imminent problem.

When an engine seizes, it means that internal components, such as pistons and bearings, are stuck or frozen, preventing the engine from rotating freely. The noise of a seized engine can vary depending on the severity of the seizure and the specific circumstances, but you might notice a few common signs:

When the problem is in its initial stage, you will hear light tapping or knocking sounds when driving the car. This noise occurs because the starter is trying to turn the engine over but cannot rotate it due to seized components. The starter might keep engaging but fails to start the engine. The next stage involves hearing loud, thunderous knocks, excluding metallic strikes. This condition is known as a “dead blow” and happens when the piston rod hits the crankshaft.

In some cases, you will hear no sound when attempting to start the engine. This lack of noise usually occurs because the engine is completely locked up, preventing any movement.

You should take the car to a garage after spotting the symptoms of a seized engine. Diagnosing it earlier can save you thousands of dollars.

Seized Engine Symptoms: How to tell if the engine is seized?

It is necessary to have the car’s engine checked in case of poor engine performance, engine oil warning light, and strange noises coming from the engine. Stay alert for these seized engine symptoms:

1. Loud Sound

A standard vehicle, when running, should only emit 3 sounds considered “safe,” namely the sound of the engine, the horn, and the sound of the entertainment speaker system. Other unusual noises are considered “warnings” and require special attention from car owners. It could be a car engine error.

It has already been mentioned that knocking or thudding noises can also indicate a seized engine. The noise is the result of the condition striking the flywheel.

2. Smoke

Smoke or fire from under the hood can be another symptom of a seized engine. As the starter is unable to start the engine in this state, the wiring can overheat, sometimes causing smoke and even a fire.

Furthermore, depending on the color of the smoke, certain problems can also be diagnosed:

• Green smoke: This means the engine is burning oil and there might be a potential leak somewhere in the car engine. If this condition is not fixed, it will lead to oil loss and damage to engine parts.
• When the vehicle emits thick white smoke, it almost certainly signals a problem with the engine’s head gasket. When seeing this sign, the car owner must quickly have the car repaired to avoid completely damaging the engine. Additionally, the exhaust pipe spewing white smoke also shows that the car’s transmission fluid is burning, which could lead to a gearbox seizure.

3. Check Engine Light

If the Check Engine light (engine warning light) on the dashboard stays on constantly, it is a warning sign of some problems occurring in the car engine. For example:

• The oxygen sensor needs to be replaced.
• The Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor needs to be replaced.
• The exhaust filter is damaged and needs to be replaced.
• The spark plugs are damaged or worn out (causing engine misfire).
• The gas cap is not tightened sufficiently.
• Many other problems related to sensors and actuators.

4. Engine Failure

When this happens, it is obvious that your car is in big trouble. However, one should not wait for the engine to reach this state. Complete engine failure means it will not start under any circumstances. Battery-powered accessories such as lights, radio, and others may still work.

5. Loose Engine Parts

When a component of an internal combustion engine is loose, such as a piston, it can punch through the engine block. An inspection under the hood will make you aware of this problem.

A lack of engine oil is the most common cause of engine seizure. Low engine oil level leads to friction, overheating, and other complications that ultimately result in engine failure. The buildup of water or rust inside the engine can also be the cause of this problem. The failure or damage of engine parts can be another probable reason, but it is very rare for this issue to create a seized engine.

Cars feature a uniquely designed ignition switch system. The switch controls all necessary vehicle components. You might drive cars for a long time without noticing the mechanism behind it. There are different positions of the ignition switch in a car. Traditional vehicles equipped with a standard ignition system have four key positions. But modern vehicles only have three key positions. There is a specific action each time you turn on the ignition switch.

Modern vehicles come with a smart key start system. That’s why there is one less key position. The ignition switch is the centerpiece of an automobile. You won’t be able to start the engine with a faulty ignition. It’s important to keep this switch in good condition.

Let’s discuss in detail the positions and operation of the switch.

What happens when you turn on the ignition switch in a car?

The ignition switch is a crucial element of a car’s interior. You cannot start the engine or turn on accessories without an ignition switch. Do not force the key or any other tool into the ignition switch. This could damage the entire ignition system, causing you trouble. Also, do not apply extreme pressure when inserting the keys.

Let’s explore the mechanism behind the four ignition positions here.

1. Lock – First Position

This is the first position of the ignition switch. Manufacturers describe the lock as the OFF position. You need to turn the key clockwise to turn on the ignition switch. The lock position involves only inserting the keys. There is no effect on the steering wheel or other accessories in the locked position. You can only remove the keys in the lock position.

2. Accessory/Acc – Second Position

Wondering what acc means in car ignition systems? It’s the accessory mode. You can use some of the standard accessories in this mode. Accessory or Acc is the second position of the ignition switch. Acc brings to life the radio, stereo system, power windows, and seats.

3. ON or Ignition – Third Position

Next is the ignition position. All electronic accessories become active when you turn on the ignition switch in this mode. According to expert maintenance tips, the ON position is the default position in vehicles. You cannot remove the keys from the ignition switch.

4. Start – Fourth Position

You can now start the engine. This is not the off position of the ignition system. The keys return to ON or ignition, which is the default position. The engine starter can be damaged if you leave the keys here for a long time. Let the keys turn to the default position once the engine is started.

The Bottom Line

That’s all that happens when you turn on the ignition switch. I hope this gives you a better understanding of the ignition switch and its mechanism.

You may be familiar with the fuel pump, the component located inside the fuel tank that creates pressure in the fuel lines to push gasoline to the combustion engine so it can run. The fuel pump can malfunction for several reasons, one of which is less known issues with the fuel pump relay.

The fuel pump relay is the electronic component found on all vehicles equipped with an internal combustion engine. “To relay” means “to receive and transmit.” Whenever the ignition is turned on, the fuel pump relay will provide or “relay” a constant voltage to the fuel pump. Consequently, problems with the fuel pump relay will lead to a malfunctioning fuel pump, which will cause starting issues.

A faulty or failing fuel pump relay will often exhibit symptoms that alert the driver that something is wrong. Learn how the fuel pump relay works, the telltale signs of a failing fuel pump relay, how to diagnose it, replacement costs, and regular maintenance tips.

What is a Fuel Pump Relay?

The fuel pump relay is a component necessary for the operation of the combustion engine model. The combustion engine needs fuel to run, and the fuel pump relay ensures that this engine receives what it needs. It is typically controlled by the ignition or the power control module.

When you turn the ignition key, the fuel pump relay is activated and will provide electricity to start the fuel pump. When you turn off the ignition, the fuel pump shuts off.

Location

In most vehicles, the fuel pump relay is often located in the engine compartment’s fuse box, which is typically a long black box containing the fuel pump relay along with various other fuses and relays.

If you cannot find it, consult your owner’s manual. The fuel pump relay may be located in different places on different cars: under the hood, on the firewall, or near the steering column, to name a few locations.

Function

When you turn the ignition key to start your car, the “starting cycle” of the combustion engine begins. The fuel pump relay is activated long enough to provide the necessary current to start the fuel pump. The key here is to produce a small amount of voltage but consistently to the fuel pump.

Once the engine is running, the fuel pump relay turns off. At this point, electricity for the fuel pump is supplied by the oil pressure sending unit.

When you turn off the ignition, the fuel pump relay is triggered again, long enough to shut down and stop the fuel pump.

Symptoms of a Bad Fuel Pump Relay

The Engine Won’t Start

A common symptom of a faulty fuel pump relay is an engine that simply refuses to start, even though it may still crank when the key is turned, because the fuel pump is not receiving power.

Of course, you may know that a no-start issue can also be caused by a host of other problems. In this case, you should therefore perform a thorough diagnosis.

The Engine Stalls

One of the most common symptoms of a failing fuel pump relay is an engine that suddenly stalls. While the vehicle is running, the fuel pump relay suddenly cuts power to the fuel pump, causing the engine to stall.

If your engine stalls and refuses to restart, you have a completely failed fuel pump relay and need to have it replaced. If you are lucky and your car restarts shortly after, your fuel pump relay is faulty and requires immediate inspection.

Loss of Power

The fuel relay may be to blame if the car suddenly seems to lose power while driving or slows down for no apparent reason. This does not always mean the car will stall.

Sometimes the vehicle continues to run normally for a while. However, in case of a sudden loss of power while driving, inspection and repair are highly recommended, as there is always the risk that next time the car stops, leaving you stranded in the middle of the road.

No Noise from the Fuel Pump

Another symptom that may indicate a faulty fuel pump relay is the absence of noise from the fuel pump when you turn on the ignition. The fuel pump is located in the fuel tank, near the rear of the vehicle, and can usually be heard when the engine starts.

A healthy fuel pump and a healthy fuel pump relay will often produce a variation of a low-volume hum or whine that can be heard from inside the vehicle or from outside, near the fuel tank.

If the fuel pump relay fails, the fuel pump will not receive power and will not operate, so it will be silent.

How to Diagnose a Faulty Fuel Pump Relay

Visual Inspection

Always start with a visual inspection before moving on to other tests, which will be detailed below. A fuel pump relay doesn’t have many parts to inspect, so don’t worry.

• Locate the black fuse box located in the engine compartment.
• Locate the relay, which is a cube-shaped object that connects with pins like an electrical plug. If the relay is in the black box, carefully remove it using a flathead screwdriver. Unplug the connector and the relay fuse to remove it.
• Inspect the terminals and the socket for signs of corrosion and overheating. Remember that even though the fuel pump requires low but constant current, corrosion will prevent proper current flow. Meanwhile, overheating indicates problems with the relay or the circuits it connects to.
• Clean corroded terminals and sockets with an electrical contact cleaner. Remember to protect your hands and eyes with gloves and goggles.
• Check the contact and the coil, which are the most common parts that burn out or break.
• Finally, check all fuses.

Testing

After a visual inspection, if you cannot identify a possible culprit, continue testing your fuel pump relay to see if it has failed:

1. Set your digital multimeter to the lowest range on the Ohms scale or set it to “continuity.”
2. Connect one wire to one of the power circuit pins and connect the other wire to the other power terminal.
3. Your meter should indicate infinite resistance.
4. If you detect zero ohms or any resistance value instead of infinity, your fuel pump relay has shorted power pins and must be replaced.

Alternatively:

1. Set your digital multimeter to “continuity.”
2. Connect one wire to one of the power circuit pins and connect the other wire to the other power terminal.
3. If you hear a beep, your fuel pump relay’s power pins are shorted. Replace the relay.

Fuel Pump Relay Replacement Cost

You can easily find fuel pump relays online or in any auto parts store. The average fuel pump relay replacement cost ranges from $90 to $150, with $20 to $50 for parts and the remainder being labor costs.

Cleaning a Fuel Pump Relay

Cleaning the fuel pump relay is a simple maintenance job you should learn, as the relay can easily get dirty under many circumstances.

If it is located inside the engine compartment, which can become hot from engine heat, the heat can harm the relay’s performance. Furthermore, in the rare cases where you find the relay placed in the engine compartment but outside the fuse box, it will be exposed to heat as well as dust and dirt. Since any debris will affect the fuel pump relay’s performance, you should inspect and clean it regularly if necessary.

The fuel pump relay is a car electrical part, so be extremely careful when handling a relay. First, remove the relay and use a blower to remove dirt and dust for about 1 to 2 minutes. Never use water, but a bit of ethanol to thoroughly clean this electrical part. Do not use any cleaner unless the relay is free of all debris.

To prevent the relay from getting dirty again too quickly, apply ethanol to the relay and gently scrub to remove remaining dirt. Now that you’re done, let it dry in a ventilated area.

One can face the highest level of frustration when repairing or restoring a car. And the frustration comes in the form of rusty, stuck exhaust bolts. This usually happens in automobiles due to corrosion and aging of nuts and bolts. The rusty exhaust bolt never moves or doesn’t move easily, and certain methods may need to be applied to do so. However, breaking or drilling the bolt is the only option that comes to mind at that moment. One might wonder “how to easily remove rusty exhaust bolts” from automobiles. Many techniques are applied to get rid of these dilemmas.

So let’s find soothing solutions to this regular frustration.

Wondering how to remove rusty exhaust bolts? The Techniques

The true enemy of mechanics and technicians maintaining any automobile is rust. And tackling rusty exhaust bolts is not that simple in an automobile. Indeed, one must get rid of them without damaging the car parts. You can’t just start hammering or drilling holes around the car body to remove the rusty bolts. However, working with a strategy can help complete the project in no time.

Some of the techniques for getting rid of rusty exhaust bolts are:

1. Apply appropriate force

Applying appropriate force to loosen stubborn exhaust bolts is the first possible method considered by every mechanic. Striking the bolt head with appropriate force can help in some ways. Alternatively, one can use proper equipment like a chisel or wrench to loosen the bolt by slowly tapping the parts back and forth. This could be the first and perfect solution for removing rusty exhaust bolts. The solution may vary depending on the bolt’s resistance. So, apply the right force and don’t end up breaking the entire setup.

2. Heat it up

Heating the rusty exhaust bolts and then cooling them to the highest degree expands and contracts them simultaneously. This could loosen the stubborn bolt and make it easier to move with simple tools. This system also removes rust and corrosion from the bolt threads. So, apply it once to get things working properly.

3. Drill gun

Many tools are easily available on the market to drill out rusty bolts. Clean the surface as thoroughly as possible to make the effort worthwhile. The drill gun helps to remove rusty exhaust bolts effortlessly. But there are also risks of breaking the bolt inside the setup. However, following maintenance tips from professionals can help do the job perfectly. So, make sure to do things with the right command.

4. Make cuts on the bolt

Making cuts on nuts and bolts is a sure method to remove immovable bolts. One can apply appropriate force with gentle hands to remove rusty exhaust flange bolts in no time. Indeed, splitting the bolt into pieces reduces tension, making it easier to turn and move.

Final words

Overall, here are some of the methods for getting rid of stubborn bolts. I hope you now have the answer to the question “how to remove rusty exhaust bolts”. So, choose any method and try it once to get rid of the inflexible bolts.

Cruise control has been around since the late 1950s. There was a time when this convenient feature could only be found in a few vehicle models. Nowadays, it seems that almost every vehicle model on the road is equipped with cruise control.

The failure of cruise control to engage might seem like a trivial problem, but the inability to activate this convenient function can certainly hinder any car journey. Even though cruise control failures “rarely” pose safety risks, it is necessary to determine the root cause to restore its use. Let’s look at the common causes of cruise control malfunction.

Cruise Control Problems (Acceleration or Maintaining Speed)

If the cruise control malfunctions and stops working completely, you might not think it’s an immediate problem. You will probably understand that you can no longer use the cruise control until the issue is resolved.

However, your cruise control problem could also be related to an acceleration issue. Indeed, some cruise control components can have a detrimental effect on acceleration if these components are faulty. That’s why you need to be aware of the causes of cruise control problems.

Common Causes of Cruise Control Malfunction

There are several possible causes for cruise control malfunction. Below are the 6 most common causes. Check each of these areas and see if they are the source of your cruise control problem. In many cases, the solution to the problem is neither that complicated nor that expensive.

1) Cruise Control Switch

The cruise control switch is what you use to set your cruising speed. This information is transmitted to the engine computer and the cruise control module to maintain the acceleration speed.

If the contacts inside the cruise control switch were to wear out, the module and unit might not receive the necessary speed information they need to maintain acceleration. In response, the system will shut down completely and cancel the currently set cruise acceleration.

2) Brake Light Switch

Normally, you press the brake pedal to disengage the cruise control. For this to happen, the brake light switch must be detected by the cruise control system.

If it fails to detect the switch, the cruise control will automatically disengage until the brake light switch problem is resolved.

A faulty brake light switch can also cause your brake lights to stay on.

3) Blown Fuse

The electrical components of the cruise control system are protected by fuses. Like inside your home, it’s possible to blow a fuse. This will cause the cruise control system to shut down until the fuse is replaced.

4) Check Engine Warning Light

If the check engine light comes on, it usually means there is a problem with your transmission or engine. Once the engine control unit detects this problem, it may disable your cruise control system in response as a safety measure.

Until you fix the engine problem, the cruise control will remain disabled.

5) Vehicle Speed Sensor

Most vehicles have a few speed sensors to transmit information about the vehicle’s speed to the engine control unit and the cruise control module. The only way your cruise control module knows how fast the vehicle is moving is if the vehicle speed sensors send it this information.

If the module fails to detect the speed due to faulty speed sensors, the cruise control system automatically shuts off.

6) Electrical Problems

Several electrical components are connected to the cruise control system. Connectors, wiring harnesses, and ground straps are definitely components you need to check when the cruise control stops working.

Make sure the voltage source is still powering the system as well. If any of these components are loose or damaged, it would explain why the cruise control is not working.

7) Loose or Broken Cruise Control Cable

Older vehicles equipped with cruise control have two throttle cables: one for the accelerator pedal and one for the cruise control system.

These cables can stretch over time. If the cruise control cable is stretched or is broken, the cruise control system will not be able to operate the throttle properly.

Adaptive Cruise Control Specific Problems

Adaptive cruise control offers an extra layer of convenience while driving, as it adjusts your vehicle’s speed based on the distance to the car ahead of you. However, this presents additional causes of cruise control failure.

One issue you might face is obstructed sensors. Radar and cameras are important components of the adaptive cruise control system. When there is dirt, debris, or ice covering these sensors, your cruise control may stop working. To prevent this, regularly clean your vehicle’s sensors, ensuring they are not obstructed.

Furthermore, faulty cameras could also be the cause. If the cameras are not working correctly, an error warning may appear. It is best to have this checked by a professional to determine if the cameras need to be repaired or replaced. Hopefully, this is not the case, as it is an expensive replacement.

Besides cameras, adaptive cruise control relies heavily on radar technology for its proper operation. A misaligned or faulty radar sensor can lead to erratic behavior of your system. Again, consult a qualified technician to diagnose the issue and, if necessary, recalibrate or replace the radar system.

Safe Driving Without Cruise Control

When cruise control systems fail, it’s hard to adapt to managing speed without the steady pace it provides. But you can do certain things.

• Focus on checking the gauges more frequently to stay actively aware of the mph.
• Avoid limiting yourself to long trips.
• Set phone alerts every few miles to remind you to check the current traveling speed.
• Be familiar with highway speed limits, so mental comparison with them continues subconsciously.
• Take frequent breaks by stretching your legs to re-energize your vigilance until you can diagnose the cruise faults.
• Consider other adaptive cruise technologies equipped on newer vehicles if financially viable, allowing for automated gradual slowing when closing distances on lead cars.
• Stay alert to the distances of lead cars and your own speed fluctuations.
• Use open lanes with fewer surrounding vehicles if possible, thereby reducing the need for continuous minor adjustments.
• Stay vigilant with renewed attention and defensive awareness without the automated convenience of cruise control until repairs are completed.

Identifying Intermittent Faults

When cruise controls experience occasional but repeated failures, meticulously recording each malfunction instance helps uncover patterns guiding towards root causes.

Date and time each cut-off or disengagement that occurs upon activation. Detail all environmental or operational conditions present, such as: weather, bumpy or smooth roads, stop & go traffic versus highway speed.

Reviewing complete repair histories along with these event logs indicates whether previously replaced components only provided temporary fixes before subsequent failure later. Share documented patterns on when and how interruptions occur with workshop technicians to guide their follow-up on the circuit and component testing.

The goal is to determine if specific elements such as an old switch, wire insulation, or solder joint chronically break down only under certain temperature, vibration, or usage stress thresholds.

How Does Cruise Control Work?

If you normally drive long distances, especially on the highway, cruise control allows you to take your foot off while the car maintains the same speed, giving your leg a rest. It might seem like just a luxury feature rather than a necessity, but many people rely on it for safe driving.

There are several different types of cruise control systems, but all implementations share similar basic components. There is a sensor to measure the vehicle speed, a throttle position sensor, and a mechanism to control the throttle without using the accelerator pedal.

The outputs from the speed and throttle position sensors allow the engine computer to determine how much the throttle needs to open or close to maintain speed.

Cruise control systems may also use sensors in the transmission, taking into account the current gear and engine vacuum. The throttle position will be different in each gear at a given speed, especially when driving uphill.

Although you don’t need to know the ins and outs of your car to provide it with adequate maintenance, every car owner should familiarize themselves with the most important parts of a car and their functions.

In this article, we will take an in-depth look at the most important automotive components and parts that every car owner should know, briefly explain how they work, and discuss their importance.

Even if you are not a true gearhead but just a regular car owner, you should know this selected list of the most important and basic car parts and their functions.

This guide and the many links to related full articles will help you take good care of your beloved vehicle in your garage.

Basic Car Parts: Most Important Components

Every component of a vehicle is important, although some may be more important than others. Modern vehicles have become much more complex and feature many more parts than their predecessors.

While there are many complex parts, some are a mainstay—common and essential for every vehicle. Below are the most fundamental and at the same time most important parts of a car.

Understanding how they work and how to keep them in good condition will mean smoother and hassle-free travel for you as an owner.

Engine

We would start with the engine. The engine is the heart of the car. It is the most important element of an automobile by all accounts.

A vehicle’s performance depends heavily on its engine. Furthermore, the many engine components and the many other associated parts are very prone to wear, which is why the engine tops the list of car parts you should familiarize yourself with.

This complex and delicate powerhouse is made up of blocks, heads, pistons, and valves. Modern car engines are also called “internal combustion engines.”

This is because the engine generates energy for your car to run by creating combustion inside its chamber. The input for such combustion is a mixture of fuel and air in a precise ratio for optimal results.

Different types of fuels are used by engines, including:

• Diesel
• Ethanol
• Gasoline
• Electricity

How an Engine Works

The engine block houses the engine cylinders, inside which the pistons move up and down, creating energy. The more cylinders an engine has, the more powerful it is. Engines typically have four, six, or eight cylinders.

In a four-stroke engine, during the intake stroke, the intake valve opens. The piston moves downward and pulls the crankshaft with it, creating suction or a “vacuum” that draws in air and fuel, allowing them to enter the combustion chamber.

The valve then closes. The amount of this mixture allowed to enter is controlled by the throttle, a rotating plate, in the intake valve.

When the piston reaches the top of its compression stroke, the mixture is compressed, while the spark plug ignites the compressed mixture and creates combustion, sending the piston downward on its power stroke, which rotates the crankshaft.

Ultimately, this crankshaft combined with the transmission spins your wheels and sends you on your way to your destination.

When the piston reaches the bottom of its stroke, the exhaust valve opens, pushing the exhaust gases out of the cylinder.

Engines require regular oil changes to stay lubricated and prevent wear.

Gearbox (Transmission)

The gearbox, or transmission, also called a car’s powertrain, comes right after the engine. It is this part that usually requires special attention when vehicles break down. The gearbox, once restored, can breathe new life into vehicles, even the oldest ones.

The transmission is what contains the different gears that a car must shift into depending on speed. These gears transfer power from the engine to the vehicle’s wheels.

A transmission is available in two types: manual and automatic models.

With manual transmissions, the driver selects the gears using a gear lever and a clutch pedal. Meanwhile, automatic transmissions can shift gears on their own, and the driver only has to choose between drive and reverse.

Obviously, an automatic transmission is more convenient and popular, but it doesn’t last as long. Furthermore, some performance enthusiasts claim that you lose control when opting for an automatic gearbox.

Interestingly, many seasoned drivers prefer the manual transmission because it’s more fun to drive.

To discover more helpful maintenance tips for your car’s transmission as well as common problems and how to fix them, check out the comprehensive guides below.

Brakes

If the parts of a car that make it move are vital, the components that make it stop are just as important. They must work side by side.

The next part on the list of important car parts and their functions is the braking system, whose failure can lead to serious, even fatal, accidents. Have you ever wondered how light pressure on the brake pedal can slow down or stop a gigantic moving machine?

When you press the brake pedal, hydraulic fluid is transmitted through steel pipes to the vehicle’s wheels. The brakes use the power of hydraulic fluid to transfer the force the driver applies to the brake pedal into a clamping force that slows the vehicle’s wheels.

A manual braking system requires driver intervention to stop. A later invention is the sensor braking system, which can detect the need to brake and act.

How the Braking System Works

A car’s braking system consists of brake discs, brake calipers, and brake pads. Brake discs are metal discs made of steel and iron. They connect to the axles, the component that rotates the wheels.

Brake calipers are clam-shaped parts that come into contact with both sides of the brake discs to create friction when you brake.

When you press the brake pedal, the brake calipers clamp onto both sides of the brake discs to slow the wheels to a stop.

To increase braking efficiency and minimize wear on the expensive braking system, the brake calipers are equipped with pads. These sacrificial pads press against both sides of each brake rotor to slow it down.

Whether you have a manual or sensor braking system, it is very important to regularly maintain and replace the brake parts, which can crack under the effect of many impacts.

Common problems with brakes can be due to rusty calipers that can seize, cracked pads, air in your brake lines, or water damage.

To learn more about the different types of brakes, as well as a handy maintenance guide for the many parts of the braking system, refer to the guides below.

Steering System

You surely know that when you turn your car’s steering wheel, the wheels turn. However, what happens when you turn your car is not as simple as one might think.

The two most common types of car steering systems are rack and pinion steering and recirculating ball steering.

While rack and pinion steering is more common on passenger cars, small trucks, and SUVs, recirculating ball steering is more commonly used on SUVs and large trucks.

How Steering Works

You might be surprised to learn that when you turn your car, your front wheels do not point in the same direction.

For a car to turn smoothly, each wheel must follow a different circle. The inner wheel must follow a circle with a smaller radius, or in other words, it makes a tighter turn than the outer wheel.

The steering system ensures that the inner wheel turns more than the outer wheel.

Steering Ratio

A measurement you should know is the steering ratio. The steering ratio is the ratio between how far you turn the steering wheel and how much the wheels turn.

For example, if one full turn (360 degrees) of the steering wheel turns the car’s wheels by 30 degrees, then the steering ratio is 360 divided by 30, or 12:1.

Generally, sports cars have lower steering ratios. The lower ratio gives the steering a quicker response, so you don’t need to turn the steering wheel as much to get the wheels to turn a given distance.

Furthermore, smaller cars are light enough that, even with a lower ratio, you don’t need to steer so hard to turn the car.

Suspension

After talking about steering, we must follow with suspension in this list of basic car parts. The role of a car suspension is huge. It maximizes the friction between the tires and the road surface, thus providing steering stability and ensuring a smoother and more comfortable ride.

There aren’t many requirements for car suspensions on a flat surface. However, on a rough surface, you might not be able to drive or handle the vehicle correctly.

When the car’s wheel goes over a bump in the road, it moves up and down, causing the car to completely lose contact with the road surface. The suspension system deals with these shocks by absorbing the vertical force from the wheel.

With such vertical force minimized, the wheels continue to roll with horizontal force, allowing the car’s chassis and body to roll undisturbed while the wheels follow the bumps in the road.

Chassis

The chassis is the vehicle’s frame that houses and supports everything else in a car. If the engine is the heart of the vehicle, the chassis is its skeleton.

The chassis keeps the vehicle rigid and sturdy. It ensures low vibrations and noise throughout the vehicle.

Car chassis are usually made of lightweight steel or other robust materials like aluminum. Most vehicles on the roads today are equipped with a steel chassis, as it guarantees strength and durability.

Basic Car Parts: Cooling System

Although gasoline engines have improved a lot over time, they are still not very efficient at converting chemical energy into mechanical energy.

About 70% of the energy in gasoline is converted into heat, meaning the engine and other components under the hood are prone to overheating.

Without a cooling system, overheating will quickly lead to malfunction and complete breakdown.

Spilled milk can be a double curse when it’s spilled in a car. And the stench just doesn’t go away on its own. If you leave it, over time, the situation gets worse, and God forbid if it happens in summer. The sour smell persists, making every trip unpleasant. Learn how to remove the milk smell from the car and fix it as quickly as possible.

Don’t ignore this seemingly minor problem, because spilled milk is a hundred times worse than spilled sodas or fruit juices. Milk can seep deep into a car’s upholstery or carpet and leave a sour smell that can linger for weeks, even months. Even if a quick spray of Febreze or installing an air freshener will briefly improve the smell of your interior, the smell of spoiled milk will come back pretty quickly, especially in hot weather.

Follow this step-by-step guide to ensure you properly clean up the mess and learn how to remove the milk smell from the car once and for all.

How to Remove the Milk Smell from the Car: 7 Methods

Blot the Spill as Soon as Possible

The very first step to remove the milk smell from the car is to absorb the spill as soon as it happens. Don’t skip this step. The less milk there is to deal with, the less work you’ll have later.

Use a paper towel or microfiber cloth to gently dab the spill to absorb it quickly, but do not rub the spill area. Rubbing will push the milk further into the carpet or padding.

Remove the Floor Mats

If milk has spilled onto the floor mats, they need to be removed from the car. If the milk stays on the floor mats, it will eventually turn sour and the smell will fill the entire car.

Follow these steps to wash the floor mats. If the floor mats are fabric or carpet without a rubber backing, they are machine washable. First use a stain remover on the spill, then put the mats in the washing machine. For more powerful cleaning power, use the warm or hot water setting.

If the floor mats have a rubber backing or are all plastic mats, do not put them in the washing machine. Instead, spray them with a hose or a pressure washer. Use dish soap on the stain to remove the milk.

The mats should then be left to air dry in the sun.

If milk touches other removable fabric parts, like removable seat covers, remove them to wash and dry them as soon as possible according to the manufacturer’s cleaning instructions. You must do this strictly, even if it’s just a few drops.

Method 1: Baking Soda

Baking soda has been for decades one of the cheapest, but also most effective and versatile solutions for cleaning and eliminating odors. Since this method is inexpensive, very simple, and you probably have baking soda in your kitchen, it’s the first thing to try when you need to remove the milk smell from the car.

Sprinkle baking soda directly onto the carpet or upholstery where the milk was spilled. To be safe, you can go well beyond the spill area, as it’s likely the bacteria has started to spread.

Rub the baking soda into the fiber using a cloth or a soft-bristled brush. Let it sit for at least overnight to work its magic, or for three or four days if possible would be ideal.

Then, vacuum the baking soda from the upholstery, then put your nose to it. If a slight smell is still present, repeat these steps or move on to one of the other methods below, depending on the severity of the odor.

Method 2: Coffee Grounds

Besides baking soda, coffee grounds or whole coffee beans are widely used to absorb bad odors from households and cars. Many car owners also use coffee beans to get rid of the unpleasant smell of new cars, which takes no less than five years to completely disappear. This method is also inexpensive and simple and will leave your vehicle with a pleasant, light coffee scent.

Simply leave fabric bags filled with coffee beans or plastic containers filled with coffee grounds under your seats for about two weeks. If you’ve already tried the baking soda method or in case of a not too severe spill, this should help remove the spoiled milk smell from the car.

Method 3: White Vinegar

Another inexpensive method with something you probably already have in your kitchen: white vinegar. Spraying vinegar on the carpet or upholstery will help break down the enzymes present in the spilled milk, effectively eliminating the smell from your car. Its use is also completely safe and environmentally friendly.

Be aware that unless you want your vehicle to have an extremely strong vinegar smell, mix vinegar with water. Use a spray bottle and mix four parts water to one part vinegar.

Spray the spill area until it is soaked with diluted vinegar. Let it soak for about five hours, then dry it with a washcloth or clean towel.

If the spill occurs on non-removable parts, it’s best to leave the vehicle’s windows open to allow air to ventilate. Otherwise, remove the mat, proceed with cleaning, then let it air dry in the sun.

Method 4: Carpet Cleaners

A household carpet cleaner should work well on carpeted floor mats or any carpeted area of your car. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions. In most cases, it is advisable to let the product sit for at least an hour, then vacuum it up.

Method 5: Enzyme Sprays

If the smell persists after the above methods, it’s time to bring out the heavy artillery. Enzyme sprays are environmentally friendly and use proteins and enzymes to break down the molecular structure of stains. Essentially, the bacteria eat away at the mess while eliminating odors.

Spray on the problem area and let it work for a day or two before blotting it with a paper towel or cloth.

Important notes: Always do a test beforehand to avoid staining your carpet or upholstery. Also, these sprays should not be used on leather interiors.

Method 6: Steam Clean the Carpet

If the spill is large or has been sitting for a while, using a steam cleaner will allow you to remove any embedded milk.

If you don’t have one, look online to rent a steam cleaner. A steam cleaner provides a deep clean by spraying a cleaning solution and steaming hot water onto the carpet or fabric, then vacuuming up the water and dirt. This will suck up all the milk residue responsible for the odors, thus eliminating the sour smell once and for all.

Follow the manufacturer’s instructions and change the water frequently during the process. The carpet or upholstery must dry completely for 12 hours after cleaning.

Method 7: Charcoal Bags

Once the stain is cleaned, consider placing charcoal bags in the car on or near the spill point. Bamboo charcoal will effectively absorb any lingering bad odors. It is also environmentally friendly and perfectly safe if you are sensitive to commercial cleaning solutions.

Tips: Ventilate the Vehicle

Once the spill is cleaned, leaving the car windows open will help air out the smell. Direct sunlight will also help dry the stain, kill bacteria, and eliminate odors.