A car’s air conditioning system requires a specific amount of oil to function, just like the engine. You should have a clear idea of how much PAG oil to add to the air conditioning system to protect it from unexpected failure.

Which AC components require an oil refill?

The compressor is the component of the air conditioning unit that needs adequate oil to function properly. The compressor is responsible for compressing the refrigerant and circulating it through the rest of the system. When the refrigerant passes through the compressor, it also carries oil with it, which lubricates the compressor’s moving parts. Normally, it is not necessary to add oil to your vehicle’s existing air conditioning system unless you have changed the compressor or there is a leak, allowing oil to escape from the system.

A compressor requires a sufficient amount of oil for lubrication. It has cylinders to compress the refrigerant gases, which creates heat and friction. The oil present in the system controls this heat and reduces friction by making the parts more slippery.

The other components of the air conditioning system, such as the condenser, evaporator, and expansion valve, do not require lubrication and therefore do not need an oil top-up.

However, it is important to note that if any of these components are replaced due to a malfunction or leak, they must be drained of any remaining refrigerant and oil, and the correct amount of oil must be added to the system when recharging it. This ensures that the system has the appropriate amount of oil for proper lubrication and to avoid damaging the compressor and other components.

If there is a leak in the system, repair it first before adding oil. Otherwise, the system will soon need more oil and could lead to the failure of some parts.

What is PAG oil?

PAG oil, or Polyalkylene Glycol, is specially created for automotive air conditioning compressors. The fully synthetic hygroscopic oil is a compressor lubricant for air conditioning units that use R-134a refrigerant.

In addition to knowing how much PAG oil to add to the air conditioning system, you must also use an oil with the correct viscosity. Each type of PAG oil has a number such as PAG150 or PAG VC-46. This number refers to the viscosity of the PAG, similar to how a number like 10W30 indicates the viscosity of regular engine oil.

PAG oil is highly hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs moisture from the air. Therefore, it is important to keep it sealed in an airtight container until ready for use. It is also important to use the appropriate type of PAG oil for a particular air conditioning system, as different systems may require different viscosities or additive packages.

PAG oil is often used in automotive air conditioning systems due to its high lubricating power and stability at high temperatures. It is also non-toxic and has a low environmental impact, making it a good choice for use in automotive applications.

You should consult the owner’s manual for the correct viscosity of PAG oil for the air conditioning compressor.

Learn how to add PAG oil to the air conditioning system in this video:

How much PAG oil should be added to the air conditioning system 

Like engine oil, PAG oil serves as a lubricant for the compressor and circulates the refrigerant throughout the air conditioning system. However, the exact amount of PAG oil to add to the air conditioning system will depend on several factors: the air conditioner’s design, its capacity, and the type of compressor.

Additionally, the air conditioning system’s compressor will likely have specifications regarding the amount of oil to add. You should consult the owner’s manual before adding more oil.

The air conditioning system of most modern vehicles needs a total of 4 ounces (120 ml) of oil. Therefore, it is wise to consult the manual to be sure of the exact amount and avoid overfilling or underfilling the system. A low oil level can lead to compressor failure, and overfilling will also harm cooling performance.

So, how much PAG oil to add when recharging the AC? Here is the amount of PAG oil that different AC components need for their proper functioning:

• Compressor = 1.4 ounces
• Evaporator = 1.5 ounces
• Condenser = 1 ounce
• Accumulator = 1 ounce
• Hoses = 1 ounce

To ensure that the appropriate amount of PAG oil is added to the air conditioning system, you should refer to the vehicle’s manual and seek assistance from a trusted automotive mechanic.

It is recommended to flush the entire system before adding oil or refrigerant. When replacing a part, such as a compressor or accumulator, you should always add the oil that was lost during the replacement.

However, the total amount of oil added should never exceed the system’s oil capacity. So, when calculating how much PAG oil to add to the air conditioning system, remember to keep the total amount below 4 ounces or whatever your car’s air conditioning system capacity is.

If you drive a manual transmission car, many questions will come to mind, such as “How does a manual transmission work?”, “What moves inside the manual transmission when you shift the gear lever?”.

In this article, we will answer all questions related to the manual transmission and give you a basic knowledge of every essential component of your car’s transmission. Let’s go!

What is a Manual Transmission? (Gear Shift Lever)

Before discovering the answer to the question “How does a manual transmission work?“, you need to understand what a manual transmission is.

The manual transmission, a gear lever or manual gearbox or standard transmission, is a type of transmission where the driver uses a lever to change gears literally.

In the past, manual cars were often equipped with a gear lever or a steering column mounted on the dashboard, but nowadays, in modern vehicles, the gear lever is mounted vertically in the center console and connected to the transmission via linkage.

Shifting gears requires disengaging the clutch disc (which is located between the transmission and the engine) via a third pedal located to the left of the brake. Then release the clutch, select the desired gear, and engage the clutch again.

When stopped, the disc will wear out prematurely if the driver engages the clutch too slowly. And if the driver engages the clutch too quickly, the engine will stall.

Learning how to drive a manual car takes more time than learning how to drive an automatic car, but it’s more fun and easier than it seems.

When you drive a manual transmission car, you will feel that there is a connection between you and your car that is too difficult to replicate with an automatic transmission car.

And another interesting thing is that if you can use a manual transmission, you will be able to drive any type of vehicle. Normally, a basic vehicle is equipped with a 5-speed manual transmission. In more expensive vehicles, a 6-speed transmission is equipped instead.

Various Parts of the Manual Transmission

These brief descriptions of the parts of a manual transmission will help you understand its complex operation.

1. Clutch and Clutch Pedal

Composed of various small components, the clutch transmits engine torque to the transmission. The clutch pedal is a hydraulically operated gear that disengages the clutch when you press it.

2. Flywheel

The circular mass sends engine torque to the clutch disc which interacts with a smooth surface of the wheel.

3. Selector Fork and Collar

This is an arm-shaped gear that helps move the collars along the output shaft. On the other hand, you can select different gears with the collar by locking it onto a particular gear, resulting in the transmission of torque to the output shaft from the countershaft.

4. Synchronizers

These help the gear and the collar to engage with each other and match their speed if there is a difference.

5. Countershaft and Output Shaft

The gears on the countershaft mesh with the gears on the output shaft when the former receives power from the engine.

6. Gears

You will find gears of different sizes in a manual gearbox. The larger ones have more teeth and provide more torque to reduce the car’s speed, while the smaller ones produce less torque so your vehicle can travel at high speed.

How Does a Manual Transmission Work?

So, with all your new knowledge, let’s find out what happens when you shift gears in your manual car and see how the manual transmission works.

• You must press the clutch pedal to disengage before turning the vehicle key to start. This will cut the power between the transmission and the engine’s input shaft. As a result, the engine will be alive without powering the entire vehicle.
• Move the gear lever to first gear, which is located on the output shaft, so that the shift fork moves forward towards the latter. The first gear is connected to a countershaft gear. The countershaft, meanwhile, is connected to the engine’s input shaft via another gear.
• There is a synchronizer collar attached to the shift fork. This helps the driving gear carry power to the output shaft and synchronize their speeds if there is a difference. You engage the vehicle when this collar locks with the first gear, which is securely fixed to the output shaft.
• Now, apply light pressure to the accelerator pedal and remove your foot from the clutch. It will reconnect the engine to the gearbox. Then the vehicle will start moving forward.
• Shift to second gear after pressing the clutch to go faster. This will disconnect the power between the engine and the gearbox. You just need to repeat this process to change gears in order to slow down or speed up the car.

Watch the video below to better understand how a manual transmission works!

Car Manual Transmission System FAQ

1. How long do manual transmissions last?

You should expect the manual transmission components to last for more than 120,000 miles with good driving, proper use, and maintenance.

You can extend the life of your transmission by monitoring for transmission leaks and operating the clutch and gears correctly.

2. How often should a manual gearbox be replaced?

Manual transmissions can fail much earlier, especially if basic maintenance is neglected.

If your gearbox has over 80,000 miles, it may be in your financial interest to replace it rather than pay hundreds of dollars in repairs every few months.

3. What are the disadvantages of a manual transmission?

• In heavy traffic, a manual can become tiring.
• The learning curve is really steep.
• On slopes, careful control is needed to avoid stalling or rolling back.
• It can be difficult to find a manual for higher trim levels.

4. Are manuals cheaper to maintain?

Manual transmissions are less expensive to maintain. With all the additional equipment that goes into an automatic gearbox, it can end up costing you a lot just to keep it running properly.

Manual transmission automobiles require extremely less maintenance, and maintenance and repairs are often much less expensive.

5. Is it cheaper to buy a manual or an automatic?

Due to their basic mechanism, manual transmission automobiles are cheaper initially. It takes more complex technology and parts for an automated car to shift gears by itself.

In conclusion, I hope that through this article, you know the answer to the question “How does a manual transmission work?“.

Hyundai’s Strategic Electric Push in the Chinese Market

Hyundai is making a bold move in China’s competitive electric vehicle sector with the introduction of a new SUV priced at approximately 15,000 euros. This aggressive pricing strategy directly targets BYD, a dominant player in the local market, signaling Hyundai’s intent to capture a larger share of budget-conscious consumers. The South Korean automaker’s approach reflects a growing trend among international manufacturers to adapt their offerings to compete with established Chinese brands.

Competitive Pricing and Market Dynamics

The launch of this affordable electric SUV comes at a time when price sensitivity is high among Chinese buyers. By positioning the vehicle at this price point, Hyundai aims to undercut rivals while maintaining quality standards that appeal to urban families and first-time EV owners. This strategy could disrupt the current market hierarchy, where local manufacturers have traditionally held the advantage in the entry-level segment.

Design and Features Tailored for Chinese Consumers

Hyundai has reportedly incorporated design elements and technological features specifically requested by Chinese customers. The SUV boasts a modern exterior with aerodynamic lines, coupled with an interior focused on connectivity and comfort. Battery range and charging capabilities have been optimized for typical usage patterns in Chinese cities, addressing common concerns about electric vehicle practicality.

Manufacturing and Supply Chain Adjustments

To achieve this competitive pricing, Hyundai has localized production and sourcing within China, reducing import costs and tariffs. The company has established partnerships with domestic battery suppliers and component manufacturers, streamlining the supply chain while adhering to China’s stringent regulations for new energy vehicles. This localized approach enables faster response to market demands and reduces production lead times.

As global automakers intensify their efforts in the world’s largest electric vehicle market, Hyundai’s latest offering demonstrates how international brands are evolving their strategies to remain relevant. The success of this budget SUV could influence how other foreign manufacturers approach product development and pricing in China’s rapidly evolving automotive landscape.

Due to a cracked head gasket, an engine may consume more oil or coolant. Therefore, it is extremely vital to troubleshoot the symptoms of a cracked head gasket.

What is a Head Gasket?

First, if you are still wondering what a head gasket is, we have an answer for you now!

The head gasket is an essential component of a vehicle’s engine system, nestled between the engine block and the cylinder head.

The main function of a head gasket is to seal the internal combustion process so that the two highly flammable fluids—coolant and oil—do not mix.

Now that we understand what a head gasket is, it is necessary to know the symptoms of a cracked head gasket to avoid higher costs due to additional engine damage caused by driving with a cracked head gasket.

In fact, this issue even occurs frequently in Subaru and has become a stain on the company’s impressive record of manufacturing first-class vehicles. To understand the symptoms, it may be helpful to understand why a head gasket can fail.

Symptoms of a Cracked Head Gasket

The symptoms of a bad head gasket are sometimes difficult to diagnose and cost a great deal of money in repair or replacement. The problem with a head gasket starts with a simple leak in the cooling system.

However, it will become a more serious problem if it goes unnoticed due to irregular maintenance. Let’s now look at the symptoms of a cracked head gasket with Car From Japan!

Engine Overheating

The reason may be a lack of coolant or the combustion process. Of course, this can lead to many other problems. For example, metal components may expand, which will cause cracks or deformations.

Engine overheating is one of the most common signs, but not the only one, of a cracked head gasket. So, a simple overheating engine does not mean the head gasket needs to be repaired.

Drop in Coolant Levels

If the coolant level drops more quickly than normal, your car likely has a problem with the head gasket. A cracked head gasket can cause a leak, which will be tested by pressurizing your cooling system and monitoring the pressure loss.

Engine Misfires

When coolant leaks into an engine cylinder, it misfires. Thus, a misfiring engine can be a possible symptom of a faulty head gasket.

Excessive Smoke from the Exhaust

When a large amount of coolant leaks into the cylinders, the smoke from the combustion process comes out of the exhaust system. This usually happens when the initial leak is not addressed in time.

Milky Engine Oil

Another symptom of a cracked head leak is milky white oil. Because coolant leaks into your combustion chamber, it will seep past your piston rings and end up in your oil.

Over time, the oil will mix with this fluid to take on a milky white color. On your dipstick and around the engine oil cap are where you can easily notice this symptom.

How to Avoid a Cracked Head Gasket?

We all know that prevention is better than cure. So you should perform regular car maintenance to avoid all symptoms of a cracked head gasket.

Otherwise, the repair work will drain your wallet very quickly. There are three methods you can use to reduce the risk of head gasket cracking.

• Your combustion chamber should be kept under as low pressure as possible
• Avoid overly advanced timing or carbon buildup in the engine
• Do not downshift to slow your car and restart at any time if your car is equipped with a manual transmission.

Cracked Head Gasket Repair

A cracked head gasket is easy to repair if you can detect the leak early on. There are many sealing products available in auto repair shops. You just need to add the sealant to the radiator, and the leak will be sealed while you drive.

The type of sealant will depend on the number of engine cylinders and the extent of the leak. Normally, sealants will work for small leaks.

However, your car will need a head gasket replacement if the problem is not detected early. You may need to repair the engine block and cylinder head or completely replace the engine only.

A gasket replacement requires the removal of a number of engine components. Reassembling all these parts requires specific torque settings to ensure proper installation.

FAQ on Cracked Head Gasket

1. How long does a blown head gasket last?

When a gasket blows, it can cause significant damage to your vehicle, so it is essential to understand the warning signs and what you need to do to fix it.

A car with a blown head gasket normally does not last more than a month, depending on the severity of the leak or hole.

2. Is it hard to fix a blown head gasket?

It is not easy to replace the head gasket. It requires a superior understanding of the engine and how its components work together.

Due to the depth of today’s engines, the exhaust manifold, cylinder head, and intake valves must be removed to access the head gasket.

3. How much to replace a head gasket?

The head gasket replacement itself is not expensive, but the labor involved in the job requires a large sum of money. In fact, repairing a head gasket is one of the most expensive engine repair jobs.

The typical cost of repairing a head gasket is about $1,000 to $2,000, but this is not due to high material costs but to labor, as we mentioned.

4. What temperature damages the head gasket?

If the engine temperature exceeds 115°C, the head gasket and cooling system can be pushed beyond their usual limits.

The impact is virtually certain if the engine temperature exceeds 126°C. Poor-quality gasoline, which is often responsible for excessive pressure on the cylinder head, is another reason that can contribute to gasket failure.

5. Does a blown head gasket make noises?

Since the combustion chamber is not sufficiently sealed, the combustion of fuel and air will be limited. You may notice that your car’s performance has decreased, and you may even hear an exhaust leak or dull idle noises, which is a clear indicator of a blown head gasket.

6. Is it safe to drive with a cracked head gasket?

Most problems with your vehicle’s head gasket start with a minor crack before being fully blown.

If these cracks are not properly addressed, they will enlarge over time, leading to additional damage and more expensive repairs. That is why you should never drive with a damaged head gasket!

7. Will a car start with a blown head gasket?

When your engine does not start due to a faulty head gasket, you will notice the following symptoms: The engine cranks but does not turn over. The battery drains more quickly with each engine rotation. Even if the starter is engaged, the engine does not start.

Watch this video from 2CarPros for a tutorial of 6 easy tests to detect a blown head gasket in a car engine!

Electric Vehicle Adoption Accelerates in China

The Chinese automotive market has reached a pivotal moment as electrified vehicles captured nearly half of all new car sales in September 2025. This remarkable achievement demonstrates the rapid transformation of the world’s largest automobile market toward sustainable transportation solutions.

Unprecedented Market Penetration

Industry data reveals that battery electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids collectively achieved approximately 50% market share during the reported period. This represents the highest monthly penetration rate ever recorded for electrified vehicles in any major global market. The acceleration comes despite the overall automotive market experiencing moderate growth, indicating a fundamental shift in consumer preferences and manufacturing strategies.

Government Policies and Infrastructure Expansion

Several factors contributed to this historic milestone. Continuous government support through extended purchase subsidies and tax incentives has made electric vehicles increasingly affordable. Simultaneously, China has built the world’s most extensive charging network, with over 8 million public and private charging points installed nationwide. Major cities have implemented preferential policies including dedicated license plates and reduced parking fees for electric vehicle owners.

Competitive Landscape and Consumer Choice

The market offers an unprecedented variety of electric models across all price segments. Domestic manufacturers have launched numerous compelling options featuring advanced battery technology and competitive pricing. International brands have similarly accelerated their electric vehicle offerings specifically tailored for Chinese consumers. This intense competition has driven innovation while making electric vehicles accessible to a broader demographic.

Environmental Impact and Future Outlook

This transition toward electrified transportation significantly contributes to urban air quality improvement and carbon emission reduction targets. Industry analysts project that electric vehicles could surpass 60% market share within the next two years as battery technology continues to improve and production costs decrease further. The September 2025 figures establish China as the undeniable global leader in electric mobility adoption.

If you notice any red or pink liquid leaking from the car, it is necessary to immediately understand what is wrong with your vehicle. A pink or red fluid leak from the car primarily indicates a problem with the transmission.

A fluid leak from a car is generally not a good sign and in most cases, it can cause a lot of panic for the owner.

The fluid used in the transmission is a distinctive red or green color. Therefore, it is easy to determine if the leaking fluid is from the transmission or from elsewhere.

Any expert mechanic will advise immediate solutions if there is a problem in the transmission. But can you drive the car with a leak in the fuel line or in some other transmission components?

Why does transmission fluid leak?

The most common reason is a broken, loose, or worn transmission seal. A transmission has various types of seals, including the input shaft seal, output shaft seal, axle seal, and many more in its mechanism. Damage or a hole in any of these will result in a red fluid leak from the car.

A gap in the transmission could be another potential issue. Fluid could escape if there is a breach or crack in the torque converter, pan gasket, transmission pan, or other areas. It is indeed rare to have a leaking seal or a cracked housing, but not entirely impossible.

A leak in the fluid lines could also be the cause of this problem. This type of damage could result from road debris hitting the fluid lines. Heat could be another culprit for this issue. Remember that a hole in the lines drains the fluid quite quickly.

Is it safe to drive when red fluid is leaking from a car?

Safety depends on the severity of the leak. You can drive for years if it’s just a small drip. There is no need to worry as long as the transmission fluid remains at the proper level. However, it is recommended to fix the leak as soon as possible. It could affect the vehicle’s performance and lead to complete transmission damage.

A low transmission fluid level will warn you through various signs such as slipping, increased RPM, gear hunting, car speed being out of sync with gear shifting and acceleration.

In this case, you should no longer drive the car and call a service center to have it towed to the repair shop.

Ignoring the symptoms will only worsen the problem over time. Eventually, it will end in transmission failure.

Remember that repairing a small leak will not cost much, but it will cost thousands of dollars if the hole enlarges or the transmission stops working.

How to stop the red fluid leak from the car?

There is nothing else to do but take care of the car and bring it to a repair shop for regular maintenance. All transmission seals are made of rubber and wear out with regular driving.

Just like other components such as brake pads and tires, seals also wear out over time. Furthermore, it is not uncommon to have cracks, holes, or damage in various transmission components.

So, when you see a red fluid leak on a car, check the fluid level and take the necessary measures.

Other possible causes behind a red fluid leak from the car

Besides transmission fluid leaks, engine coolant leaks and power steering leaks are two potential culprits responsible for pink or red fluid leaks from the car. Below, we will give you more information about them.

1. Engine Coolant Leak

Engine coolant functions to keep the car engine’s temperature stable by circulating around different parts of the engine, and its color is pink or red.

If you notice that the red or pinkish fluid leaking from the car has a sweet smell and resembles water, it is very likely engine coolant. The place where you are likely to see an engine coolant leak is usually under the engine or the radiator.

To confirm the issue, you need to check the reservoir (it’s a semi-transparent bottle with “low” and “high” markings under the hood) and if you see that the coolant is insufficient, inspect the radiator (it’s located right behind the grille at the front of the car) – that’s what you need to do.

Remember not to open the radiator cap right after turning off the car, as you could get burned by the hot steam.

After removing the radiator cap, you can easily see the coolant level in the radiator, and if it’s impossible to see, it seems there is a leak in your cooling system and you should need a mechanic’s help.

2. Power Steering Leak

Power steering fluid is designed to help the driver turn the steering wheel more easily. So, if this fluid is leaking, you will notice it during low-speed turns and encounter more resistance from the power steering than usual.

If your car’s power steering fluid is leaking, you will typically detect a pink car fluid leak or red fluid leaking from the front of the car (near the front bumper). This fluid has a slight smell of burnt oil and resembles water.

The power steering system should be sealed and protected, so if there is a leak in your car’s system, you should have your car inspected by a specialist.

The traction control system (TCS) is an active vehicle safety device. It prevents loss of traction on the driven wheels on the road. It becomes active when the engine torque and throttle input do not match the surface you are driving on.

But what does traction control mean? Well, it’s a method that limits the power delivered to the wheel to apply traction to the car’s wheels, causing them to stop slipping. It uses all the available traction on the road when the vehicle accelerates on low-friction surfaces.

What is the Traction Control System?

TCS is an active vehicle safety feature that is standard in modern automobiles. A secondary function of a vehicle’s Electronic Stability Control (ESC)^*, the onboard system kicks in when acceleration speeds up. This prevents the tires from slipping when the car accelerates.

Traction control proves useful in bad weather conditions (rain, ice, or snow) and on slippery surfaces offering little to no grip. Drivers had to press the accelerator pedal in old cars without a TCS system to prevent the wheels from slipping excessively on difficult roads. This allowed them to gain speed without losing grip. But modern vehicles equipped with this technology allow drivers to accelerate in a controlled manner by limiting the power delivered to stop wheel slip.

The system allows the driver to have better control of their car. It reduces the risk of losing rear control during acceleration and oversteer when driving in a corner. When the TC light flashes during operation, the driver knows that the traction control technology is active and trying to prevent one or more wheels from spinning faster and causing instability. This often happens when the vehicle accelerates rapidly in corners, forcing the wheels to slip horizontally and potentially creating an accident risk.

^* ESC is a computer-driven function in modern vehicles. It adds to stability by detecting loss of traction and then reducing it.

How Does Traction Control Work?

Unless you are driving a very old car, it is likely equipped with a traction control system. It is in operation and helps you drive safely without you realizing how it works.

Well, the mechanism is quite simple if you pay attention to it. Its operation is quite similar to the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) and the components of both systems are also similar. The TCS has a wheel speed sensor that monitors the rotational speed of the front wheels or all four wheels. The hydraulic modulator drives the brakes while the ECU (Electronic Control Unit) monitors the data from the wheel speed sensors and intervenes to command the hydraulic modulator if necessary.

In modern vehicles, ABS and TCS are considered a single unit, as the latter is an addition to the ABS setup. The ECU monitors wheel activity. It checks if any one is spinning faster than the others, indicating that the wheel in question is losing grip. On such an occasion, the ECU intervenes to slow down the rotation of the problematic wheel. It commands the hydraulic modulator to pump the brake in rapid succession to that specific wheel.

Some TCS control wheel slip by reducing engine power to the wheels that are about to lose traction. Once the condition returns to normal, the system resumes its normal operation – monitoring the wheel and its rotational speed.

When the system cuts engine power to control wheel slip, you might feel a pulsating sensation through the accelerator pedal. This is the impact of the TCS forcing the engine to adjust the wheel rotation speed. So don’t worry if you feel a vibration when driving on a slippery road.

Understanding how the traction control system works in the video:

The Right Time to Use Traction Control in Cars

TCS is a standard safety device in modern vehicles. It becomes active when the engine starts. The system intervenes when there is a discrepancy between the wheel rotation speed and the vehicle speed.

The system is beneficial for any type of vehicle, regardless of the powertrain it has. But it does more harm than good in some situations. For example, when you drive the car from a standstill in snow or sand, all wheels slip, causing the TCS to reduce engine power too much. As a result, moving forward on such surfaces becomes very difficult.

Most models have an option to disable TCS in such difficult conditions. Some cars do not allow it to be completely disabled. But they offer a setting for snowy or icy conditions or an option to increase wheel slip if necessary. You need to turn off the system or apply the additional settings depending on the weather or the type of surface you are driving on.

Thus, to avoid loss of control, ensure body stability, and optimize tire traction, the traction control system should be enabled in most everyday driving situations. However, car owners can temporarily disable this system to increase traction when traveling on snowy or muddy roads.

Symptoms of a Traction Control Problem

Knowing the symptoms will help you identify if the system is experiencing problems. The system rarely encounters issues, and you can always drive even if something is wrong. However, you must be cautious when driving on slippery surfaces with a malfunctioning TCS.

If there is a problem with the system, the traction control light will illuminate briefly after starting the engine. This can happen due to a faulty wheel speed sensor, a faulty ABS, low air pressure, and driving with a mini spare wheel.

In Conclusion

Along with ESC, the TCS traction control system is widely used in most vehicles. Traction control helps provide a safe driving experience throughout the driving process. Difficult terrain conditions such as muddy and slippery… are some of the factors affecting car performance and safety. The traction control system was developed to solve this problem. We hope this topic provides you with useful information.

Greatwall’s Renewed European Ambition

After two initial attempts that fell short of expectations, Chinese automaker Greatwall is launching a revitalized strategy to establish a lasting presence in the European automotive market. The company is focusing its efforts on the Haval SUV lineup, aiming to capture consumer interest with updated models and enhanced features tailored to European preferences.

Strategic Shift Towards SUVs

Greatwall’s renewed approach centers on leveraging the popularity of SUVs in Europe. The Haval brand, known for its robust and versatile vehicles, is being positioned to compete with established European and Asian manufacturers. This shift includes introducing models with advanced technology, improved safety standards, and eco-friendly options to meet stringent EU regulations.

Overcoming Past Challenges

Previous entries into the European market faced hurdles related to brand recognition and consumer trust. This time, Greatwall is investing in localized marketing campaigns and partnerships to build credibility. By addressing feedback from earlier launches, the company aims to demonstrate reliability and quality, key factors for success in this competitive region.

Future Prospects and Market Impact

If successful, Greatwall’s strategy could reshape the landscape for Chinese automakers in Europe. The emphasis on SUVs aligns with current market trends, potentially opening doors for increased market share. However, the company must navigate economic uncertainties and evolving consumer demands to achieve long-term growth.

A coolant leak is an undesirable situation that can haunt you. Maintaining a proper coolant level becomes essential when it comes to keeping your engine cool. That’s why it becomes crucial to detect and repair a coolant leak as quickly as possible.

If a coolant leak from the bottom of the car is a situation you are currently facing, a complete read would be beneficial.

Coolant Leak from the Bottom of the Car: The 3 Main Locations to Check

When your coolant level starts to drop, you initially won’t notice any change. As soon as the coolant levels become too low, the engine gradually begins to overheat.

It’s the car components that then start to be prone to damage. That’s why repairing an antifreeze leak is a task you cannot ignore.

1. Hoses

A car’s cooling system has at least four hoses, or rightfully, the fluid hoses. The hoses are installed in such a way that they carry the coolant back and forth to the radiator.

Over time or due to immense heat, it can happen that these hoses crack. Cracks can further lead to the development of leak points.

When coolant is leaking from the bottom of the car, it could be due to worn hoses. Visit a mechanic for hose and fitting replacement so that proper coolant levels can be maintained.

2. The Radiator Cap

A bad radiator cap is another thing to look for when you notice a coolant leak from the bottom of the car.

Whenever the coolant heated up, it would overflow from the radiator end. The radiator operates on the principle of pressure, and this pressure is stabilized using a cap.

When the cap is not properly fitted, pressure will not build up, leading to a loss of coolant.

Pressure needs to be checked when diagnosing the reason for the leak. You can do this either by going through the car’s user manual or by visiting an automotive expert. You can also refer to the maintenance tips, to know the symptoms of a faulty radiator cap.

3. The Blown Head Gasket

The head gasket is part of the internal combustion engine. One of the functions the head gasket is equipped with is to resist any coolant leakage.

Due to the large surface area of head gaskets and their exposure to temperature variations, they can develop leaks. If the car’s coolant is leaking from the exhaust or intake manifold, a blown head gasket could be the cause.

It’s important to know that addressing head gasket leaks should be a priority because they can enlarge over time. You should check your car’s engine temperature gauge to verify the issue. If you notice the temperature rising abnormally, a blown head gasket could be the cause of a car coolant leak.

How to Fix a Coolant Leak: A Detailed Guide

We’ve just discovered several major reasons why coolant is leaking from the bottom of the car. To effectively solve and prevent such things from happening, you can follow our following guides detailing each step.

Here is everything you will need to ensure you won’t injure yourself, lose a finger while working on your car, and keep your skin, pants, and shirt clean.

• Mechanic gloves
• Safety glasses

Thus, the supplies you will need to fix a coolant or antifreeze leak are listed below.

Tools

• Screwdriver
• Wrenches
• Tin snips
• Container/bucket for used antifreeze/coolant

Car Parts

• Coolant/Antifreeze
• Hose clamp
• Heater hoses
• Radiator
• Duct tape
• Updated thermostat

By arranging your equipment and supplies so that everything is within reach, you might avoid wasting time waiting for your handy child or four-legged assistant to bring you the sandpaper or blowtorch.

Repairing or Replacing Hose Clamps

Hose clamps, tiny metal rings equipped with a screw or another mechanism to tighten them firmly, are used to secure hoses on an automobile.

Furthermore, hose clamps can break as the automobile ages or is used in an area where rust is practically guaranteed by the annual application of de-icing salt. When they do, follow these steps to replace them.

• Let the car cool down for about 10 minutes
• For five to ten minutes, let the automobile sit and cool.
• Open the hood, then remove the radiator cap.
• If the worn or damaged hose clamp is still present, look for it.

• You may need to remove some coolant or antifreeze depending on the location of the hose clamp. Drain as much fluid as necessary to reach the hose and clamp by placing the bucket under the hose.
• If you can, unscrew the broken or obsolete hose clamp; you may also need to cut it.
• Attach the new hose clamp to the freed hose.
• Reduce the tension of the hose clamp.
• Tighten the radiator cap after adding fresh fluid to the radiator.
• The automobile must be started and allowed to reach operating temperature. You can now check for leaks in the new clamp. You’re done if everything seems fine!

Replacing the Radiator Hose

The rubber and plastic tubes that supply the engine with essential fluids can crack, break, and burst as the car ages.

You will likely see a few drops of coolant hitting the ground, but they could quickly turn into a deluge. When that happens, you will need to swap them out.

• For 5 to 10 minutes, let the car sit and cool.
• Open the hood, then remove the radiator cap.
• Find the hose that is broken.
• You may need to drain some coolant or antifreeze depending on where the hose is located. Drain any necessary fluid to reach the hose into the bucket, which should be placed under the hose.
• The hose clamps on each side of the hose must be unscrewed. Examine the clamps to see if they need to be replaced.
• Both hose clamps must be slid onto the new hose and placed on each side at their proper location.
• Both hose clamps must be tightened.
• Tighten the radiator cap after adding fresh fluid to the radiator.
• The automobile must be started and allowed to reach operating temperature. The new hose can now be checked for leaks. You’re done if everything seems fine!

Replacing a Radiator

You will need to consult your handy and probably dusty owner’s manual to know exactly how to repair your particular radiator, as different vehicle manufacturers have different radiator mounts and mounting positions.

• Let the car sit and cool for 5 to 10 minutes
• Locate your radiator by lifting the hood.
• Disconnect the battery
• By loosening the hose clamp near the base of the radiator or removing the drain plug, you can drain the remaining coolant from the radiator into a bucket.
• Once the radiator is drained, cut the hoses connecting it to the rest of the engine.
• Remove the obsolete thermostat.
• Cover the openings with duct tape to cover the holes.
• You will need to detach any fans attached to the radiator in some cars.
• Remove the lower nuts and bolts of the bracket holding the blown radiator in place after locating it.
• Remove the upper nuts and bolts that hold the top of the radiator in place while supporting it in place.
• From the old radiator, remove the fan bracket.
• On the new radiator, attach the fan bracket.
• Reinstall the bolts after installing the new radiator.
• Reinstall the fans.
• The old thermostat was stuck to the hose, so remove it and install the new one.
• Each hose must be reconnected to the new radiator.
• Add fluid to the new radiator.
• Reconnect the battery.
• While the radiator cap is still removed, start the vehicle. As the car circulates the fresh fluid through the engine and radiator, you will likely need to squeeze and release the hoses to remove trapped air bubbles.
• Once the bubbles are gone, check for any potential leaks and take the vehicle for a test drive. Since the fluid can become very hot to the touch, be careful.

You succeed if everything seems to be in order and your car’s temperature remains stable.

Watch this video by Scotty Kilmer for a more visual guide on how to replace a radiator in cars!

Antifreeze Leak FAQ

1. How dangerous is a car coolant leak?

While you are driving, coolant (also called antifreeze) is pumped into your car’s engine, absorbing extra heat and exchanging it with the ambient air. Therefore, an antifreeze leak could lead to engine overheating, which could severely damage the engine.

2. Can a coolant leak prevent a car from running?

You might be able to drive for a limited time with a radiator leak, depending on the source of the leak.

Your car will eventually overheat due to the lack of coolant, which could damage many components in the engine bay.

So it’s a good idea to pull over and assess the problem as soon as you become aware of it.

3. Is fixing a coolant leak expensive?

Radiator leak repairs typically cost between $125 and $600, with an average cost of $340. The type of repair needed, the type of radiator you have, and the materials required will all affect your final cost.

Conclusion

Whenever you notice a coolant leak from the bottom of the car, do not ignore the problem. Always stay aware of what is happening to your car. The way you maintain your car today determines its long-term lifespan.

Omoda 4: Chery’s European Game Changer

The automotive landscape is witnessing a significant shift with the introduction of the Omoda 4, Chery’s strategic entry into the European market. This compact crossover arrives with a unique dual-power approach, offering both hybrid and fully electric variants to cater to diverse consumer preferences and regional infrastructure differences.

Design and Styling

Sporting a bold and contemporary design, the Omoda 4 features a large, imposing grille and sleek LED lighting signatures. Its coupe-like roofline and muscular wheel arches give it a dynamic stance that aligns with current European tastes. The overall aesthetic is clean and modern, aiming to compete directly with established compact SUVs in the region.

Powertrain Options

A key strength of the Omoda 4 is its flexible propulsion strategy. The electric version promises a competitive range suitable for daily commuting and longer journeys, addressing range anxiety concerns. Simultaneously, the hybrid model combines an internal combustion engine with electric assistance to optimize fuel efficiency and reduce emissions, providing a practical solution for areas with developing charging networks.

Technology and Interior

Inside, the cabin is expected to feature a driver-centric layout with a large digital instrument cluster and a central touchscreen infotainment system. Advanced driver-assistance systems are anticipated to be standard, focusing on safety and convenience. The use of quality materials and thoughtful ergonomics aims to deliver a premium feel that challenges segment norms.

Market Positioning and Impact

The Omoda 4 represents more than just a new model; it’s a statement of intent from Chery. By launching with two powertrains, the brand demonstrates a deep understanding of the transitional phase in the European auto industry. This vehicle is positioned to attract environmentally conscious buyers and those seeking modern, tech-laden transportation without compromising on style or practicality.