What does it mean?
This generic powertrain diagnostic trouble code (DTC) generally applies to many OBD-II vehicles. This may include, but is not limited to, vehicles from Ford, Mazda, Chevrolet, Lincoln, etc.
When a P061D code is stored, it means that the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) has detected an internal performance error in the engine’s air mass monitoring system (Mass Air Flow – MAF). Other controllers may also detect an internal PCM performance error (with the engine speed monitoring system) and contribute to the storage of a P061D.
The internal control module monitoring processors are responsible for various controller self-test tasks and the overall responsibility of the internal control module. The input and output signals of the engine air mass calculation system are self-tested and are continuously monitored by the PCM and other associated controllers. The Transmission Control Module (TCM), the Traction Control System Module (TCSM), and other controllers interact with the engine air mass monitoring system.
The engine air mass is monitored (by the PCM and other controllers) using the input signals from the MAF sensor(s). The desired engine MAF is programmed into the PCM and other controllers. The actual engine air mass is calculated using input data from the MAF sensor, as well as the Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) and other engine and transmission sensors. The desired engine air mass is then compared to the actual engine air mass. After comparing the desired and actual engine air mass, the PCM makes the necessary adjustments to fuel delivery and ignition timing.
Whenever the ignition is turned on and the PCM is powered up, internal engine speed monitoring self-tests are initiated. In addition to running internal controller self-tests, the Controller Area Network (CAN) also compares the signals from each individual module to ensure all controllers are functioning correctly. These tests are performed simultaneously.
If the PCM detects an internal error in the desired engine air mass and the actual engine air mass (which exceeds the maximum allowed threshold), a P061D code will be stored and a Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) may be illuminated. Several ignition cycles (with a fault) may be required for the MIL to illuminate.
Powertrain Control Module PCM
How severe is this DTC?
Internal control module processor codes should be classified as severe. A stored P061D code could lead to serious driving and fuel economy problems, suddenly and without warning.
What are some of the symptoms of the code?
Symptoms of a P061D fault code may include:
Hesitation or stumbling during acceleration
Engine misfires
Reduced power output
Engine misfire codes may also be present
What are some of the common causes of the code?
Causes
of this code may include:
Faulty MAF sensor
Corroded MAF sensor connector
PCM programming error or faulty PCM
Open or shorted circuit or connectors in the CAN harness
Insufficient control module ground
Open or shorted circuits between the MAF sensor and the PCM
What are the P061D troubleshooting steps?
Even for the most experienced and well-equipped professional technician, diagnosing a P061D code can be very challenging. There is also the issue of reprogramming. Without the necessary reprogramming equipment, it will be impossible to replace a faulty controller and perform a successful repair.
If ECM/PCM power codes are present, they will obviously need to be corrected before attempting to diagnose a P061D. Additionally, if MAF sensor or Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) codes are present, they must be diagnosed and repaired first.
Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for testing MAF and TPS sensors. Replace faulty components as necessary.
Several preliminary tests can be performed before declaring an individual controller faulty. A diagnostic scanner, a digital volt/ohmmeter (DVOM), and a reliable source of vehicle information will be needed. An oscilloscope may also prove useful.
Connect the scanner to the vehicle’s diagnostic port and retrieve all stored codes and freeze frame data. You will want to note this information, just in case the code proves to be intermittent. After recording all relevant information, clear the codes and test-drive the vehicle until the code resets or the PCM enters readiness mode. If the PCM enters readiness mode, the code is intermittent and will be more difficult to diagnose. The condition that caused the P061D to be stored may even need to worsen before a diagnosis can be made. If the code resets, continue with this short list of preliminary tests.
When trying to diagnose a P061D, information can be your best tool. Search your vehicle information source for Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs) that correlate the stored code, the vehicle (year, make, model, and engine), and the symptoms presented. If you find the right TSB, it can provide diagnostic information that will help you significantly.
Use your vehicle information source to obtain connector face views, connector pinout diagrams, component locators, wiring schematics, and diagnostic flowcharts related to the specific code and vehicle in question.
Use the DVOM to test the controller’s power fuses and relays. Test and replace blown fuses as needed. Fuses should be tested with the circuit loaded.
If all fuses and relays appear to be functioning as expected, a visual inspection of the wiring and harnesses related to the controller is necessary. You will also want to check the chassis and engine ground connections. Use your vehicle information source to obtain ground locations for the related circuits. Use the DVOM to test ground integrity.
Visually inspect the system controllers for signs of water, heat, or collision damage. Any damaged controller, especially by water, should be considered faulty.
If the controller’s power and ground circuits are intact, suspect a faulty controller or a controller programming error. Replacing the controller will require reprogramming. In some cases, you can purchase pre-programmed controllers through aftermarket sources. Other vehicles/controllers will require on-board reprogramming that can only be performed by a dealership or another qualified source.
Unlike most other codes, P061D is likely caused by a faulty controller or a controller programming error
Test the system ground integrity by connecting the DVOM’s negative test lead to ground and the positive test lead to battery voltage