What does it mean?
This generic powertrain/engine diagnostic code generally applies to all OBD-II equipped engines, but appears more frequently in certain Dodge/Chrysler/Jeep, General Motors, and Toyota vehicles.
The Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch (TFPS) is typically found attached to the side of the valve body inside the transmission, although sometimes it may be found screwed into the side of the transmission housing/body itself.
The TFPS converts mechanical transmission pressures into an electrical signal for the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) or Transmission Control Module (TCM). Typically, the PCM/TCM will then inform other controllers using the vehicle’s data communication bus.
The PCM/TCM receives this voltage signal to determine the transmission operating pressure or when a change occurs. This code is set if this input does not match the normal operating voltages stored in the PCM/TCM memory. This can also be due to internal mechanical problems inside the transmission.
P0877 is typically an electrical circuit issue (TFPS sensor circuit). This cannot be ignored in the troubleshooting phase, especially when it is an intermittent problem.
Troubleshooting steps may vary by manufacturer, TFPS sensor type, and wire colors.
Related Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor D codes:
- P0875 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch, “D” Circuit
- P0876 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch “D” Circuit Range/Performance
- P0878 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch “D” High
- P0879 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch “D” Circuit Intermittent
Code Severity and Symptoms
The severity depends on the circuit where the failure occurred. Since it is an electrical failure, the PCM/TCM can compensate to some extent. The failure may mean the PCM/TCM alters the transmission shift if it is electronically controlled.
Symptoms of a P0877 engine code may include:
- Malfunction Indicator Light illuminated
- Change in shift quality
- Vehicle starts in 2nd or 3rd gear (limp mode)
Causes
Typically, the causes for this code to set are:
- Short to ground in the signal circuit to the TFPS sensor – possible
- Failed/shorted internally TFPS sensor – probable
- Failed PCM – unlikely (programming required after replacement)
Diagnostic and Repair Procedures
A good starting point is always to check the Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs) for your specific vehicle. Your issue may be a known problem with a known fix published by the manufacturer and can save you time and money when diagnosing.
Next, locate the Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch (TFPS) on your specific vehicle. The TFPS is typically found attached to the side of the valve body inside the transmission, although it is sometimes screwed into the side of the transmission housing/body itself. Once located, visually inspect the connector and wiring. Look for chafing, rubbing, bare wires, burns, or melted plastic. Separate the connector and carefully inspect the terminals (the metal parts) inside the connector. See if they look burned or have a greenish tint indicating corrosion, especially if they are attached outside the transmission case. Use electrical contact cleaner and a plastic bristle brush if cleaning the terminals is necessary. Let it dry and apply electrical grease where the terminals make contact.
If you have a scan tool, clear the diagnostic codes from memory and see if the P0877 code returns. If not, the connections were likely your problem.
This is the most common area of concern for this code, as external transmission connections have the most corrosion issues.
If the P0877 code returns, we will need to test the TFPS sensor and its associated circuits. With the key off, disconnect the electrical connector from the TFPS sensor. Connect a black wire from the digital voltmeter (DVOM) to the ground or low reference terminal at the TFPS sensor wiring harness connector. Connect the red wire from the digital voltmeter to the signal terminal at the TFPS sensor wiring harness connector. Turn the key to the engine off position. Check manufacturer specifications; the voltmeter should read 12 volts or 5 volts. Wiggle the connections to see if they change. If the voltage is incorrect, repair the power or ground wire or replace the PCM/TCM.
If the previous test was successful, connect one wire of an ohmmeter to the signal terminal of the TFPS sensor and the other wire to the ground or low reference terminal of the sensor. Check manufacturer specifications for sensor resistance to accurately test resistance to pressure when no pressure is applied to it. Wiggle the transmission fluid pressure sensor/switch connector while monitoring the resistance. If the ohmmeter readings do not pass, replace the TFPS.
If all previous tests were successful and you continue to get a P0877, this would most likely indicate a faulty TFPS sensor, although a failed PCM/TCM could not be ruled out, nor internal transmission malfunctions before replacing the TFPS sensor. If in doubt, seek assistance from a qualified automotive diagnostician. PCMs/TCMs need to be programmed or calibrated to the vehicle to be installed properly.