The P1390 code on Ford vehicles (F-150, Escape, Focus, Mustang, etc.) indicates a critical desynchronization between the crankshaft (CKP) and the camshaft (CMP). This fault disrupts the VCT (Variable Camshaft Timing) system, risking severe damage to EcoBoost, Ti-VCT, or Duratec engines.
🚨 Immediate Symptoms
- Hard cold starting (metallic rattling).
- Sudden loss of power + violent jerking during acceleration.
- Flashing check engine light (associated codes: P0016, P0340).
- Excessive oil consumption or leaks (related to the VCT system).
🔧 Specific Ford Causes
- VCT solenoid failure (clogging, mechanical blockage).
- Worn VCT phaser (internal wear on EcoBoost 2.0L/3.5L > 120,000 km).
- Stretched timing chain (F-150 5.0L, Mustang GT models).
- Faulty CMP/CKP sensor (exposure to oil leaks/scale).
- Low oil pressure (failed pump, clogged filter, degraded oil).
🔍 Step-by-Step Diagnosis
- Check oil pressure:
- Minimum required: 12 psi at idle, 35+ psi at 2,000 RPM (Ford 014-0072 Gauge).
- Inspect VCT solenoids:
- Disconnect and measure resistance (5–15 Ω on EcoBoost).
- Check anti-drainback filters (often clogged).
- Test sensors:
- CKP: AC 0.5–4.5V signal (oscilloscope).
- CMP: 200–1,000 Ω resistance (Focus 2.0L).
- Advanced Ford scan:
- Use IDS/FDRS to analyze live VCT angles (offset > 4° = fault).
🛠️ Recommended Repairs (With Motorcraft References)
| Faulty Component | Solution | Recommended Ford Parts |
|---|---|---|
| VCT Solenoid | Replace (clean oil passages) | Motorcraft CM-5193 (EcoBoost 2.0L) |
| VCT Phaser | Change in pairs (left/right) | Motorcraft CM-5191 (F-150 3.5L) |
| Timing Chain | Replace full kit + tensioner | Cloyes Kit 9-0667SB (Mustang 5.0L) |
| CMP Sensor | Replace + seal | Motorcraft DU-52 (Focus 1.6L) |
⚠️ Critical Warning:
EcoBoost and Duratec Ti-VCT engines are interference engines! A desynchronization can cause piston-to-valve collision. Do not force starting!
💡 Key Post-Repair Procedures
- Timing alignment:
- Specific tools: Crankshaft lock 303-507 + Camshaft lock 303-465 (for EcoBoost).
- VCT reset:
- Perform a phaser relearn via IDS/FDRS (“VCT Learn” procedure).
- Oil maintenance:
- Use 5W-30 Full Synthetic (WSS-M2C946-B1) + Motorcraft filter FL-910S.
📊 Technical Sheet
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| OBD2 Code | P1390 |
| Definition | “Crankshaft/Camshaft Position Sensor Correlation” |
| Sensitive Models | F-150, Escape, Focus, Mustang (2008–2023) |
| Urgency | MAXIMUM (risk of engine destruction) |
Comparison of Common Failures by Model
| Model | Recurring Problem | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| F-150 EcoBoost 3.5L | Noisy VCT phasers when cold | Motorcraft phaser kit CM-5191 |
| Focus 1.6L Ecoboost | Clogged VCT solenoid (obstructed filter) | Replace CM-5193 + clean gallery |
| Mustang GT 5.0L | Stretched chain (dry rattling) | Cloyes chain kit 9-0667SB |
Exclusive Ford Technical Tips
- Avoid generic parts:
- Non-OEM solenoids cause relapses (recurrent P1390 error).
- Software update:
- On Escape 2013–2016, an ECU recalibration (TSB 16-0114) often resolves the code.
- Check coolant:
- An oil/coolant mix (failed head gasket) clogs VCT phasers.
Conclusion
The P1390 code on Ford points to a critical fault in the VCT system or engine timing. Priority actions:
- Urgently check oil pressure and the condition of VCT solenoids.
- Replace phasers or chain if necessary with Motorcraft parts.
- Perform a VCT relearn via IDS/FDRS.
Do not drive with this code! Have the vehicle towed to a certified Ford technician. Ignoring it can lead to:
- Destruction of valves (cost: €3,000+),
- Turbo damage (on EcoBoost).
📌 Note: For post-2018 models, a desynchronization can activate limp mode (power limited to 50%). Always use an IDS scanner for reliable diagnosis.