What does it mean?
This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is a generic powertrain code, meaning it applies to OBD-II equipped vehicles (Dodge, Ram, Ford, GMC, Chevrolet, VW, Toyota, etc.). Although generic, specific repair steps may vary by make/model.
A stored P0417 code simply means the powertrain control module (PCM) has detected a short circuit in a secondary air injection (SAI) system switching valve circuit. This particular switching valve is designated B and refers to a specific switching valve in a system that uses multiple switching valves. A short circuit could mean the affected circuit has come into contact with an unexpected voltage signal or ground. A short circuit will typically result in a blown fuse.
The SAI system pumps ambient air into the engine’s exhaust system as a method of reducing harmful exhaust emissions. Automotive SAI systems use a belt-driven pump or an electric pump to draw in ambient air, slightly compress it, and inject the pressurized air into the engine’s exhaust manifolds. One-way valves, switching valves, check valves, and bypass valves (controlled by the PCM) are used to regulate and distribute air pressure and protect the SAI air pump.
The PCM receives voltage input signals from pressure sensors to monitor SAI system pressure fluctuations. When appropriate conditions are met, the PCM electronically opens the necessary valves and allows secondary air to be pumped into the exhaust system. The PCM monitors SAI pressure sensors and activates the pump if necessary in vehicles equipped with electric pumps.
If the PCM detects a voltage input signal from the SAI switching valve circuit (designated B) that indicates a short circuit (to voltage or to ground), a P0417 code will be stored and a malfunction indicator lamp may be illuminated.
Other secondary air injection system fault codes include P0410, P0411, P0412, P0413, P0414, P0415, P0416, P0418, P0419, P041F, P044F, P0491, and P0492.
Code Severity and Symptoms
A stored P0417 code should not be considered severe. The SAI system is only related to reducing exhaust emissions and is not essential to engine operation. However, if the SAI circuit is shorted to voltage, constant pump activation may lead to battery drain.
Symptoms of this code may include:
Constant SAI pump activation (short to voltage)
No SAI pump activation (short to ground with a blown fuse)
Loud whining from the SAI pump
Causes
Possible causes for this code being set are:
Short-circuited wiring, components, and/or connectors in the SAI system
Short-circuited SAI pump
Diagnostic and Repair Procedures
A diagnostic scanner, a digital volt/ohmmeter (DVOM), and a reliable source of vehicle information (such as All Data DIY) will be needed to properly diagnose a P0417 code.
Inspecting the system wiring, connectors, and the serpentine belt that drives the pump (if applicable) is a good place to start your diagnosis. Repair or replace shorted circuits as needed and retest the system. If the belt is missing or otherwise defective (belt-driven pump), replace it before continuing. Ensure the pump spins freely by hand before replacing the belt. I like to check the system fuses and relays at this point if the SAI pump is driven by an electric motor.
Continue by connecting the scanner to the vehicle’s diagnostic port and retrieving all stored codes and freeze frame data, if your visual inspection leads to no obvious malfunction. I like to note this information as it may prove helpful later in my diagnosis. Then, I clear the codes and test drive the vehicle to see if the P0417 resets.
Search for technical service bulletins (TSBs) using your vehicle information source to find entries that match the code(s) and symptom(s) presented by the vehicle in question. TSBs consist of hundreds of thousands of repairs and the information contained within can be very helpful in arriving at a successful diagnosis. Belt-driven SAI pumps are susceptible to seizing (due to frozen condensation) in extremely cold weather conditions. A one-way check valve is normally integrated into the air supply pipe to prevent condensation from reaching the SAI pump. One-way check valves can fail and allow exhaust condensation to enter the SAI pump. The condensation freezes and the ice can cause the SAI pump (belt-driven) to seize or cause it to lock up and blow a fuse (electric pump).
Proceed by using the scanner to actuate the electric SAI pump. Once the pump is activated, you can use the DVOM to test for voltage and ground at the SAI pump. Suspect a blown fuse or a faulty power relay if no voltage is detected. Use the DVOM to check for an open circuit between the power source and the pump if all fuses and relays are in good condition. Before using the DVOM to check circuit resistance, disconnect all associated controllers.
Test individual system circuits for shorts to ground or voltage using the DVOM and a wiring diagram from your vehicle information source. Repair or replace circuits that show unexpected ground or voltage signals.
Additional diagnostic notes:
Blown fuses are typically a reaction to a short circuit and not the source of the malfunction
Frozen pumps may thaw before use to avoid catastrophic damage to the pump