Radiators: Essential for Engine Performance
Radiators play a key role in maintaining optimal engine temperature. When a radiator is faulty or clogged, the risk of vehicle overheating increases significantly.
An overheating engine can quickly fail, turning an economical repair into a much higher repair cost.
What is the role of a radiator in a car?
In the past, cars used an air-cooling system. However, with the evolution of engines, which are larger and more complex, almost all are now water-cooled. Although the term “water” is commonly used, it also refers to coolant, radiator fluid, or antifreeze.
How does a radiator work?
Water cooling relies on the circulation of coolant through narrow passages in the engine block. Once heated, this fluid is directed to the radiator through hoses.
Air passes through the radiator fins while the fluid flows from one side to the other. The resulting heat exchange allows the air to absorb heat from the radiator, thus cooling the coolant.
Once the thermostat opens, the cooled fluid returns to the engine block. This process repeats until the engine is turned off.
Radiator Location
Most radiators are located at the front of the engine, behind the grille. While driving, air passes through the grille to cool the radiator.
Your vehicle is also equipped with one or more fans that activate when you are stationary, such as in traffic jams or at a drive-through.
Signs of a Clogged or Faulty Radiator
- Overheating
Overheating is a clear sign of a radiator problem. Once the engine has cooled, check the coolant level and inspect other components such as cylinder head gaskets or intake manifold gaskets. Repeated overheating can also damage the engine block. - Coolant Leaks
Faulty radiators often leak. If you spot a leak at the front of the engine, consider a replacement. Sometimes these leaks are only visible under pressure, which you can test with a radiator pressure kit. - Low Coolant Level Warning Light
In modern vehicles, a warning light alerts you to a drop in coolant level. Even without overheating, stop to check and prevent any engine damage. - Sludge Buildup
Green, blue, or orange coolant that turns dark brown or black indicates that a replacement is needed. A clogged radiator may also show sticky deposits or solid particles. - Water Pump Failure
Poor coolant circulation can damage the water pump. If it starts to leak or makes unusual noises, inspect the entire cooling system.
Common Causes of Radiator Failure
Although the radiator core is metal, the end tanks are often made of plastic, a material that degrades over time.
Corrosion is also a threat, especially in coastal areas or in winter when roads are salted. Regular maintenance, such as replacing the coolant, helps limit these issues.
Should You Drive with a Faulty Radiator?
It is technically possible to drive with a damaged radiator, but it is strongly discouraged. Overheating can cause serious damage, such as a warped cylinder head or a blown head gasket, leading to costly repairs.
Radiator Lifespan
Radiators are designed to last the life of the vehicle, typically between 8 and 10 years or 160,000 kilometers. However, impacts or wear can damage their fins, compromising their efficiency.
If you perform a replacement yourself, make sure to bleed the air from the system after filling the radiator. If transmission fluid is lost during the procedure, also check its level and make the necessary adjustments.